What is encapsulation in Java?
Simple meaning
Encapsulation hides fields behind methods so callers cannot break invariants.
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Encapsulation hides fields behind methods so callers cannot break invariants.
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Checked exceptions must be declared or caught at compile time, like IOException.
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Keys are hashed into buckets.
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A transaction groups statements so they commit or roll back together.
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Runnable run returns void and cannot throw checked exceptions.
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== may compare references
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Repeating the same request leaves the same server state.
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An index that includes all columns a query needs so the heap or table is not touched.
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401 means unauthenticated — missing or bad credentials.
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Client idempotency keys stored with first response.
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Spring creates objects and supplies their dependencies instead of new inside business code.
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Success with no body, often after DELETE.
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Join an existing transaction or create one.
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Heap dumps, allocation profiles, and class histograms.
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UNION deduplicates
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Responses include links to related actions so clients discover flows.
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The request clashes with current resource state, like a duplicate unique key or version conflict.
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They separate SQL structure from user values so injection is much harder.
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Repeating a PUT with the same body should leave the same final state.
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Short TTL if profiles change often
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