What is the difference between BFS and DFS on a tree?
Simple meaning
BFS uses a queue and explores level by level — good for shortest path in unweighted graphs.
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BFS uses a queue and explores level by level — good for shortest path in unweighted graphs.
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Quicksort is often faster in practice with good pivot choice and better cache behavior, average O(n log n).
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Overlapping subproblems plus optimal substructure.
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DP solves a problem by saving answers to overlapping subproblems so we never recompute them.
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It needs non-negative weights.
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Hash map to nodes plus doubly linked list for recency.
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Restate the problem, confirm examples, outline complexity, then code in small pieces.
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DFS colors or recursion stack tracking.
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